QLS/QLI

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The QLI (Quantum Logic Immersion) is an up-mixing algorithm that converts the stereo or multichannel (5.1 or 7.1) input signals and up mixes it to 8 or 13 output channels (7.1 surround and 5 height channels) using signal extraction and reverb extraction techniques.

QLI  (Quantum Logic Immersion) also know as QLS (Quantum Logic Surround).

Use Case: QLS object can be used as standalone QLi or in combination with Clarifi technology. CF needs to process raw audio signal. Hence, it must be placed before any equalization (volume, compressor etc) in the signal flow. CF works only for stereo inputs and generates a stereo output. When both CF and QLS are to be used, the stereo output of CF is used as a stereo input of QLI.

QLS/QLI Properties

Below table describes about the QLS/QLI audio object properties and functionality.

In the default mode, QLS object has no control inputs. It has 2 or 6 or 8 inputs and 8 or 13 output channels. The number input and output channels for QLS can be controlled at design time by selecting the appropriate modes of the object.

Properties Description
Display Name Display the name of the QLS audio object in signal flow design. It can be changed based on the intended usage of the object.
Object Mode
  • 2.0_to_7.1.5
  • 5.1_to_7.1.5
  • 7.1_to_7.1.5
  • 2.0_to_7.1
  • 5.1_to_7.1
  • 7.1_to_7.1

Mode

There are total six mode in QLS object.

Name Description
2.0_to_7.1.5 Supports stereo input and generates 7.1 output plus 5 height channels.
5.1_to_7.1.5 Supports stereo and 5.1 input and generates 7.1 output plus 5 height channels.
7.1_to_7.1.5 Supports stereo, 5.1 and 7.1 input and generates 7.1 output plus 5 height channels.
2.0_to_7.1 Supports stereo input, and 21 Control inputs and generates 7.1 output.
5.1_to_7.1 Supports stereo and 5.1 input, and 21 Control inputs and generates 7.1 output.
7.1_to_7.1 Supports stereo, 5.1 and 7.1 input, and 21 Control inputs and generates 7.1 output.

The input channel modes are:

  • Stereo
  • Multichannel_5_1
  • Multichannel_7_1
  • Stereo_Ctrl
  • Multichannel_5_1_Ctrl
  • Multichannel_7_1_Ctrl

The QLI creates a 7.0.5 surround upmix from a stereo (or dual mono), 5.1, or 7.1 input audio signal using signal extraction and reverb extraction techniques.

The input channel order is:

  1. Left Front
  2. Right Front
  3. Center
  4. LFE
  5. Left Surround/Rear
  6. Right Surround/Rear
  7. Left Side
  8. Right Side
 The output channel order is:

  1. Left Front
  2. Right Front
  3. Center
  4. LFE (Note: This output is muted when using 2 channel input)
  5. Left Side
  6. Right Side
  7. Left Rear
  8. Right Rear
  9. Left Front Height
  10. Right Front Height
  11. Center height
  12. Left Rear height
  13. Right Rear height

Additional Parameters

Parameter Description Unit Range Default
Max reverb delay upper limit for the reverb delay ms 0 – 50 50
Max lookahead delay upper limit for super user lookahead delay ms 0 – 75 75
Max early reflections delay upper limit for the early reflections ms 2 – 0 2
Enable/Disable swoosh

1 – swoosh enabled

0 – swoosh disabled

 – 1
Enable/Disable Reverb

1 – Reverb enabled

0 – Reverb disabled

 – 1
Enable/Disable control inputs

0 – Control Inputs disabled

1 – Control Inputs enabled

 0
  • supported block lengths of 512, 256
  • supported sampling frequency of 48 kHz.
  • this audio object supports a block length of 256 for reduced MEM and MIPS consumption.

Cross gains to x (front, center, side) are not applied on the dedicated multi-channel inputs (from input multi-channel signal), but only on the extracted channels as the result of “Front signal extraction” feature, which needs to be enabled in the GUI. Currently the original signals with cross gains are only applied to front left and front right.

Memory allocation for optimized MCPS on GUL.

QLS algorithm uses FFT algorithm. There are six buffers used by FFT. For FFT to work these buffers must be allocated in internal memory.  There are also memory alignment requirements.
Please refer below table for memory records and alignment.

Memory record Label Alignment in bytes
FFT real Input signal critical for MCPS”

4096 for Block size = 512

2048 for Block size = 256
FFT imaginary input signal critical for MCPS

4096 for Block size = 512

2048 for Block size = 256
FFT temporary buffer1-critical for MCPS 8
FFT temporary buffer2-critical for MCPS 8
FFT Twiddle real part critical for MCPS 8
FFT Twiddle imaginary part critical for MCPS 8

For better MCPS performance allocate these buffers to lower memory latency levels.
MCPS can be further improved if these buffers are placed in different block of lower memory latency.

In xAF design:

  • Level1 latency is mapped to L1 memory Block 0
  • Level2 latency is mapped to L1 memory Block 1
  • Level3 latency is mapped to L1 memory Block 2

Below is example of memory allocation for improved MCPS performance.

A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated

Tuning Parameters

The following table lists all the tuning parameters for QLS. These parameters can be tuned from GTT.

No Name Description Range Default Values
0

Mode

(Deprecated)

 Allows the end-user to switch QLS between three modes of operation (QLS presets) OnStage, Audience, OFF 0
1 Multi Stereo Allows switching between stereo input and multi-channel input Stereo, Multi Stereo
2 Bypass QLS algorithm is bypassed. With the stereo input signal , bypass will produce stereo at the outputs ON/OFF OFF
3 Master level Controls the level of all output channels 0-1 1
4 Wrap Amount Selects the amount by which signal extraction components are wrapped around the listener 1-2 1.25
5 Global Verb Gain control the level of the extracted reverb components when they are added to the output channels 0-2 0.90
6 Reverb Gain Front level of the reverb components mixed with front output channels 0-1 0.75
7 Reverb Gain Side level of the reverb components mixed with side output channels 0-1 0.95
8 Reverb Gain Rear level of the reverb components mixed with rear output channels 0-1 0.75
9 Reverb Gain Front Heights level of the reverb components mixed with front high output channels 0-1 0.60
10 Reverb Gain Rear Heights level of the reverb components mixed with rear high output channels 0-1 0.70
11 Reverb Delay Front individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted front reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 3.4ms
12 Reverb Delay Side individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted side reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 7.9ms
13 Reverb Delay Rear individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted rear reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 16ms
14 Reverb Delay Front Heights individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted front high reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 6ms
15 Reverb Delay Rear Heights individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted rear high reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 7.5ms
16 Reverb Gain Center Height level of the reverb components mixed with center high output channels 0-1 0.4
17 Reverb Delay Center Height individual control to adjust the delay of the extracted center high reverb components 0-50ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0s
18 Front To Front control the gains of the front signal extraction streams routed to front output channels 1) 0-1 1
19 Front To Center control the gains of the front signal extraction streams routed to center output channels 1) 0-1 0
20 Front To Side control the gains of the front signal extraction streams routed to side output channels 1) 0-1 0
21 Front To Rear control the gains of the front signal extraction streams routed to rear output channels 1) 0-1 0
22 Center To Front control the gains of the center signal extraction streams routed to front output channels 1) 0-1 0
23 Center To Center control the gains of the center signal extraction streams routed to center output channels 1) 0-1 0.8
24 Center To Side control the gains of the center signal extraction streams routed to side output channels 1) 0-1 0
25 Center To Rear control the gains of the center signal extraction streams routed to rear output channels 1) 0-1 0
26 Side To Front control the gains of the side signal extraction streams routed to front output channels 2) 0-1 0
27 Side To Center control the gains of the side signal extraction streams routed to center output channels 2) 0-1 0
28 Side To Side control the gains of the side signal extraction streams routed to side output channels 2) 0-1 1
29 Side To Rear control the gains of the side signal extraction streams routed to rear output channels 2) 0-1 0
30 Rear To Front control the gains of the rear signal extraction streams routed to front output channels 2) 0-1 0
31 Rear To Center control the gains of the rear signal extraction streams routed to center output channels 2) 0-1 0
32 Rear To Side control the gains of the rear signal extraction streams routed to side output channels 2) 0-1 0
33 Rear To Rear control the gains of the rear signal extraction streams routed to rear output channels 2) 0-1 1
34 Side SE Filter adjusts the width of the spatial filter for the side channels 3-30 10
35 Diffusion selects the amount of diffusion applied to extracted reverb signals 0-1 0.65
36 Genre Detect determines the probability that the Input signal is speech based ON/OFF OFF
37 Core Bypass bypass the QLS algorithm 1 (qls is bypassed) – 0 (qls is not bypassed) OFF
38 Center SE Filter Width adjusts the width of the spatial filter for the center channel 1-100 10
39 Front SE determines wheter extracted signals (ON) or discrete inputs (OFF) are used for front channels (Left, Right, Center) of Xgain matrix when multichannel input mode is active 0 (Signal extraction OFF) – 1 (Signal extraction ON) OFF
40 Mask Level determines the amount of Spatial Masking 0-1 0.2
41 Mask enables Spatial Masking 0-OFF, 1= ON OFF
42 Verb LF controls the level of the low-frequency content of the extracted Reverb signals 1-12 (below 6 is a LF cut, above 6 is a LF boost) 2
43 Verb HF controls the level of high frequency content of the extracted Reverb signals 0.01-0.1 0.05
44 Mono C2F determines the level of the Center channel stream that is sent to the Front channels 0-1 0
45 Mono C2S determines the level of the Center channel stream that is sent to the Side output channels 0-1 0
46 Mono C2R determines the level of the Center channel stream that is sent to the rear output channels 0-1 0
47 Mono Detect On determines whether the Mono detection algorithm is On or Off 0 (mono detection OFF) – 1 (mono detection ON) 0
48 M2S Rate determines the rate at which the Mono Detection algorithm transitions from the mono to stereo state 0.9 – 0.9999 0.9
49 S2M Rate determines the rate at which the Mono Detection algorithm transitions from the stereo to Mono state 0.9 – 0.9999 0.9
50 C2C Boost Adjusts the level of the Center to Center leakage when the Mono Detection algorithm is in Mono state -1 – 1 0
51 C2F Boost Adjusts the level of the Center to Front leakage when the Mono Detection algorithm is in Mono state -1 – 1 0
52 C2S Boost Adjusts the level of the Center to Side leakage when the Mono Detection algorithm is in Mono state -1 – 1 0
53 Dry Limit control the amount of reverb in the output channels 0-1 0
54 Discreteness adjusts the level of broad band signal rejection in the presence of a non-broadband signal 0-1 0.1
55 Sin SE On determines whether the Signal Extraction algorithm is On or Off for the Side Output channels when multichannel Input QLS is used 0 (Signal extraction OFF) – 1 (Signal extraction ON) OFF
56 Global Xgain control global mix of spatial slice streams into output channel groups 0-1 1
57 Center Focus Determines the amount of extracted signal to be mixed into the Center output 0-1 1
58 Side Focus Determines the amount of Side signal for multi-channel input 0-1 1
59 Power Sum Determines the way in which the extracted signal components are summed up to form the spatial slice. 0-1 1
60 LFE Gain Controls gain of low frequency content (Ignored when using 2 channel input) 0-1 1
61 5 or 7 When param 1 is set to multi, this allows 5.1 or 7.1 input selection 5.1, 7.1 5.1
62 Bass Routing Xover Freq determines cross over frequency of the low pass filter that is used to extract the low pass signals in the bass management module of the QLS system 0-400Hz 250Hz
63 Bass Routing Gain controls the gain of the low frequency signals which are added back to the output streams in the bass routing module of QLS 0-2 1
64 Party Bass When on, bass is distributed equally to all outputs except height channels. ON/OFF ON
65 Mono Rvb Gain determines whether the Reverb stream from the Reverb Extraction block will be extracted given a mono input source, a mono speech input source or stereo source only

0= No Extract

1= Extract

2= Vox Extract

 No Extract
66 Speech to Rvb Floor threshold above the estimated noise floor (in dB) where speech is handled 3-30dB 12
67 Speech to Rvb Sens determines how long mono music needs to be active/present when transitioning from mono speech before it is handled as mono music 10-200 60
68 Lookahead Dly in msec adds delay to the output of QLS but is before the reverb gain 0 – 75 msec max depends on configuration parameter 0
69 SpeechScore Read-only (not implemented) speech probability 0-1 0
70 MonoProb Read-only (not implemented) mono probability 0-1 0
71 LToLH_Gain level of the left input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
72 LToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the left input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
73 RToLH_Gain level of the right input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
74 RToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the right input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
75 CToLH_Gain level of the center input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
76 CToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the center input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
77 LSToLH_Gain level of the left side input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
78 LSToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the left side input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
79 RSToLH_Gain level of the right-side input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
80 RSToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the right-side input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
81 LRToLH_Gain level of the left rear input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
82 LRToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the left rear input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
83 RRToLH_Gain level of the right rear input channel mixed with left high channel 0-1 0
84 RRToLH_Dly adjust the delay of the right rear input component mixed with left high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
85 LToRH_Gain level of the left input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
86 LToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the left input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
87 RToRH_Gain level of the right input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
88 RToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the right input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
89 CToRH_Gain level of the center input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
90 CToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the center input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
91 LSToRH_Gain level of the left side input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
92 LSToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the left side input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
93 RSToRH_Gain level of the right side input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
94 RSToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the right side input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
95 LRToRH_Gain level of the left rear input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
96 LRToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the left rear input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
97 RRToRH_Gain level of the right rear input channel mixed with right high channel 0-1 0
98 RRToRH_Dly adjust the delay of the right rear input component mixed with right high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
99 LToCH_Gain level of the left input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
100 LToCH_Dly adjust the delay of the left input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
101 RToCH_Gain level of the right input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
102 RToCH_Dly adjust the delay of the right input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
103 CToCH Gain level of the center input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
104 CToCH Dly adjust the delay of the center input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
105 LSToCH Gain level of the left side input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
106 LSToCH Dly adjust the delay of the left side input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
107 RSToCH Gain level of the right side input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
108 RSToCH Dly adjust the delay of the right side input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
109 LRToCH Gain level of the left rear input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
110 LRToCH Dly adjust the delay of the left rear input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
111 RRToCH Gain level of the right rear input channel mixed with center high channel 0-1 0
112 RRToCH Dly adjust the delay of the right rear input component mixed with center high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
113 LToLRH Gain level of the left front input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
114 LToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the left input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
115 RToLRH Gain level of the right front input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
116 RToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the right input component mixed with left rear channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
117 CToLRH Gain level of the left center input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
118 CToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the center input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
119 LSToLRH Gain level of the left side input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
120 LSToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the left side input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
121 RSToLRH Gain level of the right side input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
122 RSToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the right side input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
123 LRToLRH Gain level of the left rear input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
124 LRToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the left rear input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
125 RRToLRH Gain level of the right rear input channel mixed with left rear high channel 0-1 0
126 RRToLRH Dly adjust the delay of the right rear input component mixed with left rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
127 LToRRH Gain level of the left front input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
128 LToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the left input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
129 RToRRH Gain level of the right front input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
130 RToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the right input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
131 CToRRH Gain level of the center input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
132 CToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the center input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
133 LSToRRH Gain level of the left side input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
134 LSToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the left side input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
135 RSToRRH Gain level of the right side input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
136 RSToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the right side input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
137 LRToRRH Gain level of the left rear input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
138 LRToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the left rear input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
139 RRToRRH Gain level of the right rear input channel mixed with right rear high channel 0-1 0
140 RRToRRH Dly adjust the delay of the right rear input component mixed with right rear high channel 0-2ms; max depends on configuration parameter 0
141 Front height Filter0 db adjust the gain for front height filter -20 to 0 db 0 db
142 Front height Filter0 freq Adjust the frequency for front height filter 1000-20000Hz 4000Hz
143 Center height Filter0 db adjust the gain for center height filter -20 to 0db 0 db
144 Center height Filter0 freq Adjust the frequency for center height filter 1000-20000Hz 4000Hz
145 Rear height Filter0 db adjust the gain for rear height filter -20 to 0 db 0 db
146 Rear height Filter0 freq Adjust the frequency for rear height filter 1000-20000Hz 4000Hz
147 Mono Sens Adjust the frequency for rear height filter 0.1 – 20 1

Control Parameters

The QLS has 21 control inputs when the control mode is selected in GTT.

Channel Description Range
1 Front to Front Crossgain (Xgain_F2F) 0 to 1
2 Front to Center Crossgain (Xgain_F2C) 0 to 1
3 Front to Side Crossgain (Xgain_F2S) 0 to 1
4 Front to Rear Crossgain (Xgain_F2R) 0 to 1
5 Center to Front Crossgain (Xgain_C2F) 0 to 1
6 Center to Center Crossgain (Xgain_C2C) 0 to 1
7 Center to Side Crossgain (Xgain_C2S) 0 to 1
8 Center to Rear Crossgain (Xgain_C2R) 0 to 1
9 Side to Front Crossgain (Xgain_S2F) 0 to 1
10 Side to Center Crossgain (Xgain_S2C) 0 to 1
11 Side to Side Crossgain (Xgain_S2S) 0 to 1
12 Side to Rear Crossgain (Xgain_S2R) 0 to 1
13 Rear to Front Crossgain (Xgain_R2F) 0 to 1
14 Rear to Center Crossgain (Xgain_R2C) 0 to 1
15 Rear to Side Crossgain (Xgain_R2S) 0 to 1
16 Rear to Rear Crossgain (Xgain_R2R) 0 to 1
17 Wrap Control 1 to 2
18 Global Reverb Gain Control 0 to 2
19 Front Reverb Gain 0 to 2
20 Side Reverb Gain 0 to 2
21 Rear Reverb Gain 0 to 2

 

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